Arita Ware
From Global Knowledge Compendium of Traditional Crafts and Artisanal Techniques

概述
有田烧(Arita-yaki)是日本著名的瓷器风格,起源于17世纪初九州岛佐贺县的有田町。有田烧以其精致的美感、精美的彩绘和全球影响力而闻名,是日本最早出口的瓷器之一,并影响了欧洲人对东亚陶瓷的认知。
其特点是:
- 白瓷底座
- 钴蓝釉下彩画
- 后来出现了多色珐琅彩釉(“aka-e”和“kinrande”风格)
历史
起源于十七世纪初
有田烧的故事始于1616年左右,当时人们在有田附近发现了高岭土,这种材料是瓷器的关键成分。据说,这种工艺是由韩国陶艺家李三平(又名金永三兵卫)引入的。李三平在日本侵略朝鲜(1592-1598年)期间被迫移居日本,并创立了日本的瓷器业。
江户时代:崛起
到17世纪中叶,有田烧已成为国内外的奢侈品。它通过伊万里港,由荷兰东印度公司(VOC)出口到欧洲,与中国瓷器展开竞争,并对西方陶瓷产生了巨大影响。
明治时代与现代
明治时代,有田陶艺家顺应市场变化,融入西方技艺和风格。如今,有田仍然是精致瓷器的生产中心,将传统技艺与现代创新融为一体。
有田烧的特征
材料
- Kaolin is mined, crushed, and refined to produce a workable porcelain body.
- Craftsmen form vessels using hand-throwing or molds, depending on the complexity and shape.
- Pieces are dried and fired to harden the form without glaze.
- Underglaze designs are applied with cobalt oxide. After glazing, a second high-temperature firing vitrifies the porcelain.
- For multicolored versions, enamel paints are added and fired again at lower temperatures (~800°C).
- 泉山采石场产的高岭土
- 约 1300°C 高温烧制
- 耐用的玻化瓷体
- “Arita ware,” *Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia*, accessed 07.08.2025, article version as of mid‑2025.
- Impey, Oliver R. “Arita ware” in *Japanese Art from the Gerry Collection in The Metropolitan Museum of Art*, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1989.
- “Hizen Porcelain Kiln Sites,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed 07.08.2025.
- “Imari ware,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed 07.08.2025.
- “Kakiemon,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed 07.08.2025.
Audio
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